Japanese Business Glossary

適応 (tekiou) in Japanese means "adaptation" or "adjustment." It refers to the process of adjusting or adapting to new conditions, environments, or situations.

In a biological context, tekiou can describe how organisms evolve traits that allow them to survive and thrive in their environments. In a psychological or social context, it refers to an individual's ability to cope with changes and challenges in their personal or professional life.

In business, tekiou might involve modifying strategies, processes, or products to meet changing market demands or regulatory requirements. Effective tekiou is crucial for success and resilience, as it enables individuals and organizations to navigate and flourish amid evolving circumstances.

体系 (taikei) in Japanese means "system" or "structure." It refers to an organized and coherent arrangement of elements or components that work together as a whole.

In various contexts, taikei can describe different kinds of systems. For instance, in education, it can refer to the educational system or curriculum structure. In science, it might denote a classification system or a theoretical framework. In business, taikei could pertain to organizational structure or a systematic approach to processes and operations.

扶養家族 (fuyo kazoku) in Japanese refers to "dependents" or "family members under support." This term is used to describe individuals who rely on someone else, usually the head of the household, for financial support and care.

Dependents can include children, a spouse, elderly parents, or other relatives who are unable to support themselves financially. In the context of taxes and social benefits, fuyo kazoku can affect the amount of deductions or allowances a person is eligible for, as supporting dependents often qualifies for tax relief or other financial benefits.

内金 (naikin) refers to a deposit or down payment made in advance as part of a larger transaction. This is a common practice in Japan, especially in real estate and large purchases. The naikin is typically a percentage of the total price and signifies the buyer's commitment to the purchase.

For example, when purchasing a house, the buyer may pay a 内金 to secure the property while the remaining amount is paid later. This deposit is usually non-refundable if the buyer decides not to complete the transaction.

In business transactions, naikin helps ensure that both parties are serious about the deal and provides some financial security for the seller.

家賃収入 (yachin shunyu) refers to rental income in English. It is the income earned from renting out property, such as apartments, houses, or commercial spaces. Rental income is an important aspect of real estate investments and is subject to taxation under Japanese tax laws.

完済 (kansai) is a Japanese term that means "full repayment" or "complete settlement." It is used in financial contexts to indicate that a debt, loan, or other financial obligation has been fully paid off. For example, if you have a mortgage or a personal loan, once you have made all the required payments and the balance is zero, you have kansai.